A phase diagram lets you work out exactly what phases are present at any given temperature and pressure. The structural transition temperature is suppressed from 154 to $\ensuremath{\approx}120\text{ }\text{K}$ and the magnetic phase … Phase diagrams are classified according to the number of component present in a particular system. Interpretation of Phase Diagrams For a given temperature and composition we can use phase diagramtodetermine: 1) The phases that are present 2) Compositions of the phases 3) The relative fractions of the phases Finding the composition in a two phase region: 1. FTsalt - FACT Salt Phase Diagrams (338) Click on a system to display the phase diagram. 5 Alloy composition ... Gibbs Phase Rule • P+F = C+2 3 • A phase is a region of material that has uniform physical and chemical properties. The phase diagram of solid argon and solid fluorine was determined by x-ray diffraction and the solidus and liquidus by thermal analysis. The power factor can never be greater than unity. In situ atomic-scale observation of reversible sodium ions migration in layered metal dichalcogenide SnS2 nanostructures. The transformation is frequently accompanied by a sharp click and an explosion blowing out the window of the sample holder. mq 6= 0 Compare ferromagnet at H 6= 0 : Tc T H = 0 H = 0 no phase transition, but crossover T, GeV 0 1 , GeV nuclear vacuum matter hot QGP µB 0.1 cold quark matter m = 0q cr. A system, how- ever, also can consist of a single component, such as an element or compound. phase diagrams between two single-phase regions there will be a two-phase region; in the isomorphous diagram between the liquid and solid state, there is the (liquid + solid) state. F 4]2– octahedron and 0.43(6) and 0.14(2) for the [MoO 2 F 4]2– octahedron, respectively. A phase diagram is a graphical representation of chemical equilibrium. The Ti-Si-N-O quaternary phase diagram • Entire phase diagram can be calculated by taking into account all possible combinations of reactions and products • 4 ternary diagrams of Ti-Si-N, Ti-N-O, Ti-Si-O and Si-N-O were evaluated • additional quaternary tie lines from TiN to SiO 2 and Si 2N 2O A.S.Bhansali, et al., J.Appl.Phys. Chapter 9 - 6 Unary Systems Triple point. For single phase (P=1): F = 2 + 1 - 1 = 2 (area) . A petroleum reservoir is discovered at 2900 psia and 180 °F. Discharge and Charge Reaction of Perovskite-type MF3 (M = Fe and Ti) Cathodes for Lithium-ion Batteries. English: These 1975 phase diagrams are generally incomplete, reaching at most 250 kbar (25 GPa) and thus lacking many high-pressure metallic phases. Phase Diagram for Water. 4.7 (a). The structural transition temperature is suppressed from 154 to $\ensuremath{\approx}120\text{ }\text{K}$ and the magnetic phase … 13.13. F. C. Campbell This well-written text is for non-metallurgists and anyone seeking a quick refresher on an essential tool of modern metallurgy. 2 for fluorine, F2 , and on the following data: ΔΙ!fusion-13.4 J/g, ΔΗνα,-171 J/g, specific heat gas-0.824 J/gK 1.00 atm 0.00016 534 53.5 85.0 144.1 T Kelvin (a) What is the normal melting point?K The normal boiling point? This is known as invariant f 0 reaction or transformation. The electronic phase diagram of ${\text{PrFeAsO}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{F}}_{x}$ $(0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.225)$ has been determined using synchrotron x-ray powder-diffraction, magnetization, and resistivity measurements. 3 A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. 6.27). 8. Phase diagrams. The electronic phase diagram of ${\text{PrFeAsO}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{F}}_{x}$ $(0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}0.225)$ has been determined using synchrotron x-ray powder-diffraction, magnetization, and resistivity measurements. In two phase region draw the tie lineor isotherm 3. In some systems (e.g. What is a phase diagram. CrossRef Agreement NNX16AC86A, Is ADS down? Reviewers, Librarians Find more information about Crossref citation counts. Any reaction that results in an increase in G is impossible and will not occur. F. C. Campbell This well-written text is for non-metallurgists and anyone seeking a quick refresher on an essential tool of modern metallurgy. The only phases found and plotted on the T-T-T diagram were f/. Phase diagrams are classified according to the number of component present in a particular system. 10.5 Isopleth through hypothetical ternary phase diagram at a constant 40% C. adapted from ref 10.1 SPB Line. • Phase diagrams show the phases present under equilibrium conditions, that is, under conditions in which there will be no change with time. A phase diagram lets you work out exactly what phases are present at any given temperature and pressure. Nano-CoF 3 prepared by direct fluorination with F 2 gas: Application as electrode material in Li-ion battery. The line is what its name implies. The above relations can easily be followed by referring to the power diagram shown in Fig. One of these special properties is the fact that solid water (ice) is less dense than liquid water just above the freezing point. Samples were exposed from 12OO’F to 17OO’F for times of 0.1 hour to 50 hours. The addition of F 2 does not change the fcc Ar structure to hcp as the addition of O₂ does. Figure 13.26. F is of degrees of freedom or variance p is of phases. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature, and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). O 5, p. 053512. This figure shows sections of a three-dimensional phase diagram at five temperatures. How to Read a Phase Diagrams Everybody remembers that the boiling point of water is 100°C, but that's only true at a certain pressure (1 bar). A phase diagram isotherm for a quaternary system with a vapor phase and a liquid phase requires therefore an area to mark the concentration range in which a solid phase is in equilibrium with the other two phases. 9. Power factor may be defined as: (i) Cosine of the phase angle between voltage and current, (ii) The ratio of the resistance to impedance, or (iii) The ratio of true power to apparent power. Nanocrystalline FeF b. Astrophysical Observatory. The basic principles, construction, interpretation, and use of alloy phase diagrams are clearly described with ample illustrations for all important liquid and solid reactions. It is a relatively simple binary diagram where there is very little solubility at room temperature for Si in Al and for Al in Si. the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. The simplest phase diagrams are pressure–temperature diagrams of a single simple substance, such as water. • A binary alloy has two components, and a ternary alloy has three components. (If yes please mark the cricondentherm and cricondenbar lines) c. Assuming that this reservoir contains 7 components, determine the number of degrees of freedom that must be specified for the system to exist in i) single phase 11) two phase Please mark all the points on the diagram 2700 Mod OLBA 20 0. 9.3(a) is adapted from Phase Diagrams of Binary Nickel Alloys , P. Nash Every point in this diagram represents a possible combination of temperature and pressure for the system. Phase Diagrams. The solidus line is horizontal at 53°K from 37%±2% to 95%±2% F2, and there is a eutectic at 72%±2% F2; up to that concentration, the solidus and liquidus are widely separated. This is the phase diagram for a typical pure substance. For two phases (P=2): F = 2 + 1 –2 = 1 (line) . Although the high-temperature structures of oxygen and fluorine are very similar, their phase diagrams with argon are quite different. Phase diagrams • In metallurgical systems, the pressure is usually taken as atmospheric pressure. OSTI.GOV Journal Article: PHASE DIAGRAMS OF THE SYSTEM URANIUM--OXYGEN--FLUORINE. Note intersection with phase … Binary systems have two components, ternary systems three, and so on. 0.33H2O/C nanocomposite as an ultrahigh rate capability cathode materials of lithium ion batteries. The basic principles, construction, interpretation, and use of alloy phase diagrams are clearly described with ample illustrations for all important liquid and solid reactions. The binary Al-Si phase diagram was initially studied by Fraenkel of Germany in 1908. It will start boiling at point a 2 with vapour having composition given by point b 2.This distillate will condense into a two phase liquid directly (b 3).The composition of the two phases (b' 3 and b" 3) and amounts of each phase are related by the lever rule. Get the basics on how phase diagrams help predict and interpret the changes in the structure of alloys. A typical example of a kinase enzyme in cell division is the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK) which uses cell signals to switch cell mechanisms especially when a genetic mutation is detected. Chapter 10: Ternary Phase Diagrams / 195 Fig. no freedom at all. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c03544, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b05362, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b05017, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02058, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b03058, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b04181, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02136, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01502, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b02356, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03601, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-020-00893-1, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228772, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228583, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41918-020-00073-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2020.09.027, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-020-0621-z, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2020.126282, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.145493, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104376, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-43018-8, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.214108, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2019.07.001, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2019.07.011, https://doi.org/10.1109/ESPC.2019.8932056, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.035128, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.02.015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.02.056, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.11.046, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.11.080, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58675-4_7, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-58675-4, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04476-2, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41524-018-0079-6, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20334-z, https://doi.org/10.5796/electrochemistry.18-6-E2673, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.08.040, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.11.052, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2017.07.004, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.09.026, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-017-3580-9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.02.050, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2016.12.005, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.01.240, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluchem.2016.10.003, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.12.051, https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20171608001, https://doi.org/10.5796/electrochemistry.85.472. Fig. 10.5 Isopleth through hypothetical ternary phase diagram at a constant 40% C. adapted from ref 10.1 SPB Line. • The constitution of an alloy is summarized by its phase diagram. Chapter 3: Thermodynamics and Phase Diagrams / 43 The entropy, S, represents the energy (per degree of absolute tempera- ture, T) in a system that is not available for work.In terms of entropy, the Second Law states that all natural processes tend to occur only with an FactSage 7.2 - List of Stored Phase Diagrams (6100) FACT Databases. Although the high-temperature structures of oxygen and fluorine are very similar, their phase diagrams with argon are quite different. Phase Diagrams. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. • Phase Diagram for Cu-Ni system Adapted from Fig. The single-phase boundary line is found on any section that contains a single-phase region. Boiling points, melting points, and sublimation points vary with pressure. nanoparticle–rGO composites as anode materials for high performance lithium-ion batteries. For readers wanting to learn about phase transformation in metals, this text is the best book available today. The phase diagram of solid argon and solid fluorine was determined by x-ray diffraction and the solidus and liquidus by thermal analysis. The second checkpoint uses kinase enzymes which control various stages in cell division cycles. One common type, that found in the binary system of heptane and ethane, is shown in Fig. Definitions. Binary phase diagrams begin to look different when the pressure is greater than the critical pressure of either of the pure components. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature, and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Notice, Smithsonian Terms of 15001 2400 2300 2200 2100 2000 AONE Pre Twe-Phase Regione 1100 9800 1900 1000 od 100 1000! and MF binary phase diagrams are usually drawn at a pressure of one atmosphere. for certain Temp there is a fixed compositions In the single phase … (M = Fe, Co, and Mn) from metal trifluoroacetates and their Li(Na)-ion storage properties. Phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. (in German) Full Record; Other Related Research; Authors: Knacke, O; Lossmann, G; Mueller, F Publication Date: Wed Jan 01 … But anyway, I just wanted to expose you to these phase diagrams. Phase Diagram: In this phase diagram, which is typical of most substances, the solid lines represent the phase boundaries. Phase Diagrams Revised: 1/27/16 2 a liquid are still closely packed, but are not organized, allowing them to conform to the shape of the container in which held. Phase diagrams. The phase diagram contains two solid solution phases (α-Al) (FCC_Al) and diamond cubic Si (Diamond-A4), a liquid phase, and three mixed phases; FCC_Al + Diamond-A4, liquid + FCC_Al, and liquid + Diamond A4. Several novel compounds, not previously identified in the Li−Fe−F system, are predicted to be stable. The figure below shows an example of a phase diagram, which summarizes the effect of temperature and pressure on a substance in a closed container. Phase Diagram of QCD – p.7/16. Commercial alloys may contain 10 or more elements, but in all cases there … 1. the diagram (phase fields) only one phase exists. The ADS is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory under NASA Cooperative Phase diagrams are a graph that relates the pressure and temperature of a substance to the state of matter (solid, liquid or gas).Thanks for watching. pressure, and temperature are fixed! A phase diagram helps show what phase exist at what temperature and pressure. Example - Gibbs phase rule in eutectic diagram In the double phase regions: N = 1 (the diagram is plotted for fixed pressure, 1 atm) C = 2 P = 2 F = N + C -P F = 1 By fixing the Temp one determines the compositions in the liquid and in the solid i.e. f. and delta phases. At the G2 phase again, a second checkpoint takes place after the synthesis of DNA in the S phase. Ternary phase diagrams are used to represent all possible mixtures of three solvents [1]; they are described in Chapter 3.Here, we shall indicate how they should be used to minimize the solvent consumption. These have been classified based on: Will this reservoir fluid exhibit retrograde behavior? Phase Diagram of QCD – p.7/16. In figure 7.3 we consider the possible binary phase diagrams. Thus, the terminal solid solutions are nearly pure Al and Si under equilibrium conditions. Phase diagrams tell us about equilibrium phases as a function of T, P and composition (here, we’ll always keep P constant for simplicity). Everything I've done so far was at a constant pressure and I changed the temperature, but you can also read them the other way. 116, Issue. Phase diagrams • With pressure assumed to be constant at atmospheric pressure, the equilibrium diagram indicates the structural changes due to variation of temperature and composition. Example –Binary Composition (Const Pressure N=1) 1. Although the high-temperature structures of oxygen and fluorine are very similar, their phase diagrams with argon are quite different. The experimental data obtainable for a mole of ice is shown schematically in fig. & Account Managers, For The melting points of Al and Si are 932.77 and 1687.73 K (659.62 and 1414.58 °C), respectively. Young, UCRL-51902 "Prepared for the U.S. Energy Research & Development Administration under contract No. Thus the phase diagram shows the phases present at different compositions and temperatures. F is of degrees of freedom or variance p is of phases. Please reconnect, Authors & The β—α F2 transformation was observed visually; the β phase is soft and transparent, the α phase is pale yellow, opaque, very hard, and brittle. If we start with a single phase mixture a 1 and heat it. Highly uniform Fe The single-phase boundary line is found on any section that contains a single-phase region. The phase diagram of an alloy made of components A and B, for all combinations of T and WB (or XB), defines the A-B system. each temp determined the pressure 3. Although a diagram of this kind delineates the boundaries of the phase fields, it does not indicate the quantity of any phase present. The phase diagram for water is shown in the Figure below . Water is a unique substance in many ways. Read Or Download The Diagram Pictures Phase For FREE Phase Diagram at CROWDFUNDING-LEND.DEMO.AGRIYA.COM Phase diagram –Useful information Important information, useful in materials development and selection, obtainable from a phase diagram: - It shows phases present at different compositions and A phase diagram isotherm for a quaternary system with a vapor phase and a liquid phase requires therefore an area to mark the concentration range in which a solid phase is in equilibrium with the other two phases. The addition of F2 does not change the fcc Ar structure to hcp as the addition of O2 does. It's water vapor. mq 6= 0 Compare ferromagnet at H 6= 0 : Tc T H = 0 H = 0 no phase transition, but crossover T, GeV 0 1 , GeV nuclear vacuum matter hot QGP Taken from "Phase Diagrams of the Elements", David A. The liquid + solid state is not a semi-solid state, it is a solid of fixed composition and structure, in equilibrium with a liquid of fixed composition. We have used density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the ternary phase diagram of the Li−Fe−F system and the reactions of Li with iron fluorides. As heat is added to the solid, the temperature rises along line “a” until the temperature of fusion (T. f) is reached. A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. In the cases we'll be looking at on this page, the phases will simply be the solid, liquid or vapour (gas) states of a pure substance. Chapter 3: Thermodynamics and Phase Diagrams / 45 Any transformation that results in a decrease in Gibbs free energy, G, is possible. A phase diagram (or equilibrium diagram) is a diagram with T and composition as axes, showing the equilibrium constitution. Rhombohedral Iron Trifluoride with a Hierarchized Macroporous/Mesoporous Texture from Gaseous Fluorination of Iron Disilicide. (or is it just me...), Smithsonian Privacy According to the Mg–Ag binary phase diagram, the maximum equilibrium solid solubility of Ag in Mg is ∼15 wt% at the eutectic temperature of 472 °C, and it falls to approximately 2 wt% at room temperature, and the intermetallic phase at the Mg-rich side of the phase diagram is Mg 3 Ag (space group P6 3 /mmc, a = 0.488 nm, c = 0.779 nm The diagram is divided into three areas, which represent the solid, liquid, and gaseous states of the substance. So, in the green region, where two phases exist, we calculate a pseudo variance of F' = 4 – 2 = 2 – 1 (subtract variable T since it is held constant in this experiment). Figure 2.1 (top) shows the methanol–chloroform–water ternary phase diagram with the tie-lines in the biphasic domain. Librarians & Account Managers. 9.3(a), Callister 7e. Phase Diagrams • Indicate phases as function of T, Co, and P. • For this course:-binary systems: just 2 components.-independent variables: T and Co (P = 1 atm is almost always used). These substances constitute the components comprising the system and should not be confused with the various phases found within the system. The phase diagram for such a mixture looks like this (from Atkins, Fig. Phase diagram –Useful information Important information, useful in materials development and selection, obtainable from a phase diagram: - It shows phases present at different compositions and temperatures under slow cooling (equilibrium) conditions. A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. Phase diagrams can be used in several ways. Various types of behavior have been observed in this region. The line is what its name implies. It is the boundary line around that single-phase region. AlCl3-CaCl2: AlCl3-CoCl2: AlCl3-FeCl2: AlCl3-KCl: AlCl3-KCl-NaCl_liquidus_projection: AlCl3-LiCl: AlCl3-MgCl2: AlCl3-MnCl2: AlCl3-NaCl: AlCl3-NiCl2: AlCl3-ZnCl2: BaCl2-BaF2: BaCl2-CaCl2: BaCl2-CaCl2-KCl_liquidus_projection: BaCl2-CaCl2-LiCl_liquidus_projection : BaCl2-CaCl2-NaCl_liquidus_projection: … This is the phase diagram for a … The axes correspond to the pressure and temperature. Answer the following questions based on the phase diagram (not to scale!) In the blue or yellow regions, F' = 2. PHASE DIAGRAMS OF THE SYSTEM URANIUM--OXYGEN--FLUORINE. It is of interest to consider the slope of the liquid/solid phase line of the H. 2O phase diagram. H vs T PHASE DIAGRAM . Use, Smithsonian With the aid of a suitable calorimeter and energy reservoir, it is possible to measure the heat required to melt and evaporate a pure substance like ice. The green line marks the freezing point (or transition from liquid to solid), the blue line marks the boiling point (or transition from liquid to gas), and the red line shows the conditions under which a solid can be converted directly to a gas (and vice-versa). Since chemical equilibrium is dependent on the composition of the system, the pressure, and the temperature, a phase diagram should be able to tell us what phases are in equilibrium for any composition at any temperature and pressure of the system. (Fig. 2. The Ramsey model is fully described by two dynamic equations: $$\\left. 1*2/Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams magnesium, and manganese. Phase diagram of the CulnSe2-CuGaSe2pseudobinary system studied by combinedab initiodensity functional theory and thermodynamic calculation. We can focus on the regions separated by the lines in these diagrams, and get some idea of the conditions of temperature and pressure that are most likely to produce a gas, a liquid, or a solid. Figure 2: Physical states The lines on the phase diagram represent combinations of pressures and temperatures at We can adjust the pressure, or the composition independent of each other. W-7405-Eng-48". can play with P and T. 2. Locate composition and temperature in diagram 2. In this phase diagram, we have already locked T at 30ºC. If I'm at 100 degrees, and I go from-- Well, let's say I'm at 110 degrees, where at sea level is comfortably in the gaseous phase for-- So this is 110 degrees for water. If yes at what pressure it will start? The total energy of fluorine used to derive the Li–Bi–F phase diagram was determined from the experimental reaction enthalpy for the reaction 2Li + F 2 → 2LiF 2 and the calculated energies for Li and LiF. If the reservoir fluid phase diagram is given as below a Will the reservoir contain liquid or gas or two phase at the discovery? 4 A typical phase diagram has pressure on the y-axis and temperature on the x-axis. What is a phase diagram. The presence of 22% F2 slightly contracts the fcc Ar lattice; the lattice constant at that concentration and 23°K is 5.295±0.010 Å compared with the Ar lattice constant, 5.318 Å. As we cross the lines or curves on the phase diagram, a phase change occurs. Your Mendeley pairing has expired. A T-T-T study was carried out on the phase reactions in high quality wrought alloy 718 billet. Our kinetic model predicts that the iron fluoride reaction follows a different path through the phase diagram during conversion (discharge) and reconversion (charge), which results in the voltage profile hysteresis observed during experiment. For three phases (P=3) : F = 0 (point). The Gibbs phase rule is reduced to F = C − P + 1(1isforT) and the variables are reduced to T and composition (these are the usual variables in materials phase diagrams). In the solid, the miscibility gaps between the Ar-rich and the F2-rich solid solutions extend as two-phase regions from 25%±2% to 97%±2% F2 in the low-temperature (α) range at the eutectoid temperature (41°K). First, a few terms will be defined. It is the boundary line around that single-phase region. In the cases we'll be looking at on this page, the phases will simply be the solid, liquid or vapour (gas) states of a pure substance. A gas has no definite shape or volume, but occupies the entire container in which it is confined. Note: based on Section 2.3 of Romer, Advanced Macroeconomics. • Phase diagram is the graphical presentation of the phases present in a system under different conditions of pressure, temperature and composition. The phase diagram shows, in pressure–temperature space, the lines of equilibrium or phase boundaries between the three phases of solid, liquid, and gas. Phase Diagram: In this phase diagram, which is typical of most substances, the solid lines represent the phase boundaries. FTsalt - FACT Salt Phase Diagrams (338) Click on a system to display the phase diagram. The green line marks the freezing point (or transition from liquid to solid), the blue line marks the boiling point (or transition from liquid to gas), and the red line shows the conditions under which a solid can be converted directly to a gas (and vice-versa). The phase diagram of solid argon and solid fluorine was determined by x-ray diffraction and the solidus and liquidus by thermal analysis.
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